Osteochondrosis is an illness caused by degenerative-dystrophic changes in the vertebrae, intervertebral discs and ligaments. People after 30 years are most susceptible to the disease, but the initial phenomena of the disease can occur in adolescence.
80-90% of the population look out for this disease.
Symptoms of the disease
Depending on the location of the pathological focus, 3 forms of the disease are differentiated:
- Osteochondrosis of the cervix region
- Osteochondrosis of the Brustregion
- Osteochondrosis of the lumbar region
Damage to the cervical spine, the patient's symptoms are associated with an inadequate diet of the brain due to pressing blood vessels. The most common complaint is severe headache and dizziness. In addition, patients are concerned:
- Blood pressure
- Disruptions of the coordination of movements and gear shake
- Acceptance of visual acuity;
- Hearing deterioration, ringing in the ears
- Hoariness or hoarseness
- A snoring in a dream is a sign of the constant tension of the neck muscles.
When compressing the nerves, deafness and cooling of the fingers, a weakness occurs in the limbs.
When the nerves are injured, severe pain in the neck, headache, sore throat and teeth are. The pain extends to the shoulders and the limbs.
The symptom of an osteochondose of the breast region is also pain - intercostal neuralgia. The pain is due to the compression of the nerve roots. The pain in the chest is acute, intensifies with cough, inspiration, laughing when you move.
Pain with osteochondrosis of the breast region can simulate other diseases, such as heartache, abdominal pain.
The osteochondrosis lumbar is most often affected by people who have a seated job. It is characterized by pain in the lower back that is given to the buttocks and legs. In the event of violations of the nerves, deafness and cooling of the legs, the loss of sensitivity, the incontinence of feces and urine is possible.
The causes of the disease
The disease is viewed as polyetiological, i. e. many factors contribute to the illness. Most frequently:
- Strong daily load on the spine
- Spine injuries
- Metabolic disorders
- Overweight
- Craumatic of the spine
- Inheritance factor
- The process of the natural aging of the body.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of osteochondrosis consists of several stages.
Collection of anamnesis of the disease and life
The doctor asks the patient to find out:
- complaints
- Localization of pain and symptoms
- When the first symptoms occurred
- This provokes the appearance and increased pain.
- What helps relieve the condition.
It is important to find the working conditions of the patient, bad habits than all lives, whether there were bruises and injuries to the spine, whether one of the closest relatives of osteochondrosis.
Inspection and palpation
In the examination, the doctor draws attention to the position of the body and the posture, the symmetry of the back and neck, determines the volume of the movements in the back, recognizes painful areas, evaluates the muscle tone, determines the presence of pain radiation, checks the sensitivity.
X -Ray test
The radiography of the spine is directly and laterally in two sloping projections in order to obtain more information. Sometimes X -ray research is required with functional sample protection officers, flexion and extension position.
Computed tomography
CT is a study that allows you to take into account the bodies of the vertebrae, ligaments, blood vessels and soft tissues more clearly. A picture of one or more spine segments is carried out. With CT you can determine the compression of the nerves, tears and hernia of the intervertebral discs, their height, changes in the solid brain membrane and the instability of the vertebrae.
Magnetic resonance therapy
The MRI is used to diagnose osteochondrosis with clear visualization of blood vessels, nerve processes and intervertebral discs.
Complications
Osteochondrosis is an illness not only of the back, as is generally assumed. It affects blood vessels, nerves, muscles. Osteochondrosis provokes the development of a series of related diseases, including:
- migraine
- Varning and hearing deterioration
- Intermediate vertebrae
- Schmorl's knot
- Radiculitis
- lumbago
- sciatica
- Spondilasis, spondylarthrosis and others.
Treatment of the disease
Treat osteochondrosis conservatively in severe cases - immediately.
Conservative treatment includes an entire complex of therapeutic methods: massage, physiotherapy exercises, physiotherapy, manual therapy, reflex zone massage, spinal traction and drug treatment.
Medications are prescribed during exacerbations, helping to relieve pain, inflammation and normalization of metabolic processes.
Risk group
The risk group of osteochondrosis includes:
- People who do a seated lifestyle with a seated work or spend a lot of time driving or on a computer
- People whose work or hobby is associated with weightlifting
- People with an excess body mass
- Pregnant
- Women who wear high heels.
prevention
For the prevention of osteochondrosis, it is important to adhere to the rules:
- Do not overload the spine, limit vertical loads
- Load, strengthen the spine muscles, knead them
- Not
- Avoid injuries and bruises of the spine
- Do not wear weights
- Change the position of the body with a long seat load and drive.
Diet and lifestyle
The diet for osteochondrosis has no strict restrictions, it can be attributed to the right nutrition. It is necessary to limit salt and sugar. The main thing is that the food corresponds to the energy costs. If it is overweight, it is necessary to reduce the consumption of sweets and easy to absorb carbohydrates. Replace coffee with tea, sweets - dried fruits.
Every day you have to carry out exercises, including: sipping, squats, tilting on the sides, bodies, running, walking, swinging legs forward, backwards.
Sleeping with osteochondrosis is preferably on a fixed surface.
During a long movement work, you have to expand every 20 to 30 minutes and turn the body. With a long reputation, it is important to change the support point from one leg to another.
If you have to wear heavy ones, you can distribute the weight on each hand. You can use a backpack with wide straps.
Symptoms
- Headache
- Hoarse voice
- Urine incontinence
- Fuzzy Vision
- Weaken
- Shark gang
- snoring